Dear colleagues:
In severity and risk adjustment, defining acute kidney disease, specifically acute renal failure (ARF) and its synonym, acute kidney injury (AKI), are confounding issues for physicians, coders, and quality specialists. When do patients with elevated creatinine levels or oliguria have ARF or AKI, a major complication and comorbidity under MS-DRGs? How do ARF, AKI, and other terms, such as acute renal insufficiency or azotemia, factor in risk adjustment?
